英语四种时态的定义和句型。闲人免经,最好详细一点,带例子的。
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发布时间：2022-04-25 19:00
共2个回答
热心网友
时间：2022-05-07 19:25
1.一般现在时的用法
1）表示经常性，习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态，特征 和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语，例如：
He goes to school every day. （经常性动作）
He is very happy.（现在的状态）
The earth moves around the sun. （真理）
2）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用现在时表示将来，例如：
If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
When I graate, I’ll go to the countryside.
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
3）有时这个时态表示按计划，规定要发生的动作。（句中都带有时间状语词）但仅限于少数动词，如：begin come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等，例如：
The meeting begins at seven.
The train starts at nine in the morning.
4）表示状态和感觉的动词。如be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound等常用一般现在时。例如：
I like English very much.
The story sounds interesting.
5）书报的标题，小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。
2. 一般过去时的用法
1）表示过去某时发生的事，存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。
He saw Mr.Wang yesterday.
He worked in a factory in 1986.
2）表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to”和“would+动词原形”。例如：
I used to smoke.
During the vacation I would swim in the sea.
注意：used to表示过去常发生而现在不发生的动作或 存在的状态。另外“be used to+名词（动名词）”表示 “习惯于…… ”。例如：
I am used to the climate here.
He is used to swimming in winter.
3. 一般将来时的用法
一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态，其表达形式除了“will或shall+动词原形”外，还有以下几种形式。
1）“to be going to+动词原形”, 表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如：
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
2）go, come, start, move, sail, leave等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。例如：
I’m leaving for Beijing.
3)be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如：
Are we to go on with this work?
The boy is to go to school tomorrow.
4）“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作。例如：
We are about to leave.
4. 现在进行时的用法
1）现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，由“to be+现在分词”构成。例如：
What are you doing?
2）表示感觉，愿望和状态的某些动词，如have, be, hear, see, like等词一般不用进行时。
5. 过去进行时的用法
1）过去进行时表示过去某一时刻，某一阶段正进行的动作，由“was (were)+现在分词”构成。例如：
In 1980 he was studying in a university.
He was reading a novel when I came in.
6. 现在完成时的用法
现在完成时由“have+过去分词”构成。其使用有两种情况：
1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。句中没有明显时间状语。例如：
He has gone to Fuyang . (说话人认为他不在该地)
He has been to Fuyang. （说话人认为他在该地）
）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或so far, now, today, this week (month, year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。例如：
He has studied English for 5 years.
He has studied English since 1985.
Now I have finished the work.
注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的词连用。
3）现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。例如：
I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.
If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we will go to the park.
7. 过去完成时的用法
）过去完成时由“had+过去分词” 构成，过去完成时的动作表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作状态。句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。例如：
By the end of last year we had built five new houses.
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.
2）过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。例如：
Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.
8）过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去的某时间看将要发生的动作或状态。过去将来时由“should或would+动词原形”构成。第一人称用should,其他人称用would.例如：
They were sure that they would succeed.
9）现在完成进行时的用法
现在完成进行时由“have (has)+been+现在分词”构成，表示现在以前一直在进行的动作。有些词，如work, study, live, teach等用现在完成进行时与用现在完成时意思差不多。例如：
I have worked here for three years.
I have been working here for three years.
但多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同意思。例如：
I have written a letter（已写完）
I have been writing a letter（还在写）
注意：表示短暂动作的动词，如finish, marry, get up, come go等不能用这种时态。
练习 选择最佳答案填空：
1.We _____ a party next weekend. I hope you can come.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
2. I _____ a book at home when I heard a loud noise outside the building.
A. have read B. was reading C. read D. had read
3. -- ____ my glasses?
-- Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you seen
C. Would you see D. Have you seen
4. Helen _____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.
A. had left; comes B. left; had come
C. had left; came D. had left; would come
5. – Hi, Tracy, you look tired.
-- I am tired. I _____ the living room all day.
A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted
6. – You have left the light on.
-- Oh, so I have. _____ and turn it off.
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone C. I go D. I’m going
7. The reporter said that the UFO _____ east to west when he saw it.
A. was traveling B. traveled
C. had been traveling D. was to travel
8. I _____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
9. – You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
-- I’m sorry I _____ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you.
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t D. didn’t say
10. I wonder why Jenny _____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write C. won’t write D. hadn’t write
Key:1-5 BBDCC 6-10 AADDA追问可以把四种时态的陈述句，疑问句，否定句句型吗？如（主语+动词过去式+其他）谢谢了
追答过去时一 构成
⑴ be→was— ( am, is 的过去式 )
were— ( are 的过去式 )
⑵ V. →V-ed ( 动词过去式 )
二 用法
⑴表示过去发生的动作或状态，通常会有明确的表示过去的时间状语。
I went to the zoo yesterday.
I stayed up last night ..
⑵叙述过去连续发生的动作或状态。
This morning , I got up early , went out for a walk , then came back and cooked for my family .
⑶表示过去某一段不确定的时间内发生的动作或状态。
He worked in the store for 5 years.
⑷讲故事时用一般过去时，但描述故事发生的背景时用过去进行时。
⑸ used to do sth. 过去常常(习惯)做某事
be used to doing sth 一直习惯做某事
I used to get up early. 我过去常常早起.
I am used to getting up early.我一直都习惯于早起.
三 公式
⑴be→was / were
肯：S.+ was∕were+…
否：S.+ wasn’t / weren’t +…
肯疑：Was∕Were + S. +…?
Yes, S.+ was∕were.
No, S.+ wasn’t∕weren’t.
否疑：Wasn’t∕Weren’t + S. +…?
Yes, S. + was∕were.
No, S.+ wasn’t∕weren’t.
⑵V. →V-ed
肯：S. + V-ed+…
否：S. + did not (didn’t )+ V原+…
肯疑：Did + S. + V原+…?
Yes, S.+ did.
No, S.+ didn’t.
否疑：Didn’t + S. + V原+…?
Yes, S.+ did.
No, S.+ didn’t.
现在时：当主语是第三人称单数时： 一般现在时
肯定句 主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句 主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 Does+主语+动词原形+其他 肯定回答 Yes，主语+does 否定回答 No，主语+doesn't 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 当主语不是第三人称单数时： 肯定句 主语+动词原形+其他 否定句 主语+don't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 Do+主语+动词原形+其他 要注意，句式结构错则全局都错。
参考资料：知道
热心网友
时间：2022-05-07 20:43
一、一般现在时。动词用原形。主语为三单是动词加S。
I read an English book every day. He reads an English book every day.
二、一般过去时。动词用过去时（五种变化形式）
I read ab English book yesterday.
三、正在进行时 动词用be 加现在分词
I am going to read an English now.
四、一般将来时 动词 be going to do 或 will \ shall do
I am going to go read ab English book tomorrow. I will \ shall read an English book.
