Ⅳ.写作技能(三部分,共11小题,计32分)

第一节 语篇翻译 阅读下面的短文,将画线部分译成英文或中文。(共5小题,计10分)

Do you enjoy hitting the books? It doesn't mean you enjoy beating your books with your hand. that may be reasonable if you don't understand something inside your books. Hitting the books just means that you are studying hard. You can learn a lot when you hit the books. 65.Especially before exams, most students spend a lot of time hitting the books to get good grades.

This is just one example of expressions that can't be understood by taking them apart(分开)word by word. Expressions like this are called idioms(习语). They are an important part of a culture's language. Languages and cultures are closely connected. One example of an idiom in the Chinese language is “dui niu tan qin”, or “to play the lute(拨弦乐器)to a cow.”66.这意味着某人在说话或写作时不考虑其听众或读者。

Let's get back to idioms that begin with the word“hit”. 67.There are many of them in English, but it's not that easy for you to understand.

One common idiom you may hear in English is “hit the road”. It means to leave or to go. You can say, “Hey, I need to hit the road. Can we talk about this another time?”Or simply, “It's time to hit the road.”When you are tired and you want to go to bed, you can say,“I need to hit the hay(干草).”It means you want to go to sleep. 68.That's because a bed was often a big bag with hay inside in the past.

69.习语使你的语言生动而有趣。Let's hit the road to learn some and try to use them.

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答案及解析：

65. 尤其是在考试前，大多数学生都会花大量时间努力学习以取得好成绩。“hitting the books”为习语，意为“努力学习”;“especially before exams”作时间状语，译为“尤其是在考试前”;“spend a lot of time doing sth”为固定搭配，译为“花大量时间做某事”;“to get good grades”作目的状语，译为“以取得好成绩”，结合语境整合语义可得答案。

66. It means someone speaks or writes without considering his listeners or readers.“这意味着”译为“It means”，后接宾语从句;“说话或写作时”译为“speaks or writes”，用现在时表客观含义;“不考虑”译为“without considering”(介词短语作伴随状语)或“doesn't consider”(谓语动词否定形式);“听众或读者”译为“listeners or readers”，均用复数表泛指，符合英文表达习惯。

67. 英语中有很多这样的习语，但理解它们对你来说并不那么容易。“There are many of them in English”为there be句型，“them”指代前文提及的“idioms that begin with the word‘hit’”，译为“英语中有很多这样的习语”;“it's not that easy for you to understand”中，“it”为形式主语，真正主语是“to understand them”，译为“理解它们对你来说并不那么容易”，补充“它们”使语义更完整。

68. 那是因为在过去，床通常是一个装满干草的大袋子。“That's because”引导原因状语从句，译为“那是因为”;“in the past”作时间状语，译为“在过去”;“a big bag with hay inside”译为“装满干草的大袋子”，“with hay inside”作后置定语修饰“bag”;“was often”译为“通常是”，体现过去的普遍情况。

69. Idioms make your language vivid and interesting.“习语”译为“Idioms”，用复数表泛指;“使……生动而有趣”译为“make your language vivid and interesting”，“make+宾语+形容词”为固定结构，“vivid”(生动的)和“interesting”(有趣的)并列作宾语补足语，符合英文简洁准确的表达要求。